![]() The story of personal computing in the United States is not about the evolution of hackers-it’s about the rise of everyday users. Instead, historian Laine Nooney shows, what made the Apple II iconic was its software. It was a versatile piece of hardware, but its most compelling story isn’t found in the feat of its engineering, the personalities of Apple’s founders, or the way it set the stage for the company’s multibillion-dollar future. became an industry behemoth, look no further than the 1977 Apple II. Please note that this event will be held in person at the Internet Archive. Join us for an engrossing origin story for the personal computer-showing how the Apple II’s software helped a machine transcend from hobbyists’ plaything to essential home appliance. The Apple II Age, like the old microcomputer itself, is bound to intrigue both experts and newcomers to the subject.” ―JOANNE MCNEIL, author of ‘Lurking: How a Person Became a User’ A rigorous thinker and a bright and witty writer, Nooney offers a compelling account of the initial attempts to make computers inviting to the public. “The Apple II Age is a joy to read and an extraordinary achievement in computer history. Join author Laine Nooney for an IN-PERSON reading from their new book, followed by a conversation with historian Finn Brunton.
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![]() ![]() The Utilities Division is responsible for the City's water, sewer, and drainage infrastructure. Newton Highlands Village Enhancement Project.Public Works Project and Construction Information +.Sustainable Materials Management Commission.Recycle at the Resource Recovery Center.Sustainable Materials Management (Recycling and Trash) +.Updating and Repairing Water & Sewer Services.The city and county also raised water rates last year. That 3 cents per 1,000 gallons would add up to about $35,000 to $40,000 per year, he said. Bouchillon said his department originally budgeted with the idea the county would be increasing its wholesale rate by 15 cents, not 18 cents. However, even with the increases the city will still be absorbing 3 cents of the county’s increase. However, he said the city still has very competitive sewer rates. Public Works Director Bill Bouchillon said the sewer rate has always been 110 percent of the water rate. The new sewer represents a 25 percent increase. The charge of sewer will be $6.00 per thousand gallons. the rate for users of more than 50,000 gallons will increase to $5.04 per 1,000 gallons up from $4.58.the rate for users from 3,001 to 50,000 gallons, will increase to $.4.84 per 1,000 gallons from up from $4.40.the base rate charge for the first 3,000 gallons or less will increase to $15.18 from $13.80.The water rate will increase for every level of use: The council voted 4-1, with Councilwoman Hawnethia Williams opposed and Councilwoman Janet Goodman absent. In addition, on Monday the Covington City Council approved the second reading of an ordinance to increase their water and sewer rates. The authority has a staff of forty-eight full-time employees and serves 22,122 water customers in Newton and Jasper counties and 6,048 sewer customers in Newton. This system means less staff is required to read meters each month, allowing those employees to focus on increasing efficiencies in repairs and other field operations. The Authority is also realizing the benefit of earlier capital investments such as radio read meters installed a few years ago. Old lines are being replaced with more durable materials to extend their useful life further into the future. Many of the water and sewer lines that serve customers are four decades old, and must be replaced to reduce the ongoing cost of repairs. ![]() "But the reality is that our system continues to get older and needs investment in order to keep delivering service to our community. "In these difficult times, we wish we didn’t have to adjust rates at all," Hopkins said in the release. However, in 2009, the authority sold a total of 73 water taps and 19 sewer taps for the entire year. In a follow-up e-mail, Hopkins said the NCWSA was selling an average of 145 tap sales per month during Newton County’s peak growth in 2006. "That means we didn’t have all our eggs in the ‘new development basket,’ and stayed within our budget instead of predicting increased revenue from new water and sewer tap sales." "Fortunately, we saw what was happening with the economy early enough to base our budget on a more realistic view of things," said Hopkins said in the release. ![]() He said the price increases are small compared to the extra costs the NCWSA is experiencing from "purchasing water, meeting federal and state regulations, and purchasing supplies and equipment necessary to keep delivering clean, safe water every day." The increases will cost the average NCWSA water customer, who uses about 5,000 gallons, an extra 79 cents per month, said NCWSA Executive Director Mike Hopkins in a press release.
![]() We put out a production release whenever we reach a significant milestone in terms of functionality and we certify that the release is stable after rigorous testing. Where are the official releases of PCGen? - Currently PCGen is released at How often are releases? - We try to put out an alpha release every two weeks. PCGen is meant to be easy to modify to suit your own campaign, and users are encouraged to share their creations. A secondary goal is to support as many house rules as possible. Currently our focus is on material released under the Open Gaming License (OGL). Important Links - The following links will lead you to a wealth of information on PCGen Website: FAQ/Docs: Wiki: Issues: SF Site: What is PCGen? - PCGen is a character generator and maintenance program aimed at supporting any RPG material we can get our hands on. This group is meant to discuss PCGen and items related to PCGen and tabletop gaming in general (table-top role-playing, character creation & maintenance, or RPG news). All you'll get for your effort is a lifetime ban from our groups. All posts are moderated and you'll be wasting your time. We aren't interested in anything you are peddling. Welcome! Last edited at Nov 28th, 2018 - This document is an amalgamation of existing documentation we have. Welcome to the new mailing list all! Standard rules from the old Yahoo mailing list apply. Bryan McRoberts (Benevolent Dictator) Martijn Verburg (Chair Monkey) Andrew Maitland (Data Silverback) Tom Parker (Code Silverback) Gwen Thebich (Data 2nd) Eitan Adler (Code 2nd) Paul Grosse (PR Silverback) Posting on behalf of the Board of Directors. Our forums have transitioned from Yahoo Groups to groups.io which are free and will continue ( ), our discord channel will continue ( ) as long as there are people talking there, our old & broken wiki will be availible ( ), our Friends of PCGen FB page will continue ( ), and there is also a sub-reddit ( ) If anyone wishes to they can take a look at the code here ( ). Our website will remain up until such as a time that the host decides to quit maintaining it. We have had a fine 20 year run from the heady days of Bryan releasing hourly, then daily code updates, to the original D&D 3e SRD being released, through the choppy waters of getting hammered by WotC's refusal to consider the non-SRD info being included (prompting the formation of the separate corporation, Code Monkey Publishing), through the explosion of third party materials causing PCGen's code base to grow by leaps and bounds, though the formation of the 4e and the simultaneous rise of Pathfinder, Starfinder, and now the release of Pathfinder 2e. But again Andrew was the driving force and repository of why things were done the way they were. The Data team is in better shape because the data is generally easier for new users to start with. And the expected new math library to replace the woefully outdated JEP has never been able to get fully implemented (see above). The core Code Team have had attrition due to RL and nobody willing (or able) to pick up the code and run with it, and without the old time members to explain the code things are continually breaking, gating the releases. The core reasons for the project going dormant are the same as have been stated multiple times in the last year. ![]() We hope this is accomplished by the end of the year (2019) Paul Grosse the PR director will hang around and provide advice to anyone attempting to keep the project alive, but will also be limiting his involvement. ![]() As of the release of the Pathfinder 2 datasets for 6.08.00 RC7, Andrew Maitland, the Data Lead (the core driving and unifying member of the BoD) will be ceasing any ongoing upkeep and direct involvement with the project. It is with sad news the core team members of the PCGen BoD are stepping down (or handing off the reins to any new blood that wish to take up the challenge). ![]() ![]() Perhaps the character's best-known storyline is The Infinity Gauntlet (1991), the culmination of several story arcs that see him gather the six Infinity Gems and use them to kill half of the universe's population, including many of its heroes, to woo Mistress Death, the living embodiment of death in the Marvel Universe. Thanos is usually portrayed as a villain, although many stories depict him as believing his actions to be justified. In creating Thanos, Starlin drew inspiration from Jack Kirby's New Gods series for DC Comics, particularly the character of Darkseid. He has clashed with many heroes including the Avengers, the Guardians of the Galaxy, the Fantastic Four, the Eternals, and the X-Men. An Eternal– Deviant warlord from the moon Titan, Thanos is regarded as one of the most powerful beings in the Marvel Universe. Created by writer-artist Jim Starlin, the character first appeared in The Invincible Iron Man #55 ( cover date February 1973). Thanos is a supervillain appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. Access to nearly all powerful mystical artifacts and weapons.Superhuman strength, speed, stamina, durability, and agility.The Invincible Iron Man #55 (February 1973) ![]() Textless variant cover of Infinity #4 (October 2013) he has to exile the BC instead of reshuffling it. Then the same game state has been reached twice (BC on top of X other cards), at which point we have fulfilled the conditions for a fragmented loop, and your opponent may not take the same decision as before, i.e. The general case is when your opponent shuffles the BC back into their library, and the BC happens to get shuffled to the very top so that Helm reveals it immediately again. Note that the Blightsteel Colossus being the last card in the library is just a special case. Once your opponent's library is empty, the process of Helm of Obedience cannot be repeated, its resolution finishes, and the game continues as normal. If that happens, the active player (or, if the active player is not involved in the loop, the first player in turn order who is involved) must then make a different game choice so the loop does not continue. Sometimes a loop can be fragmented, meaning that each player involved in the loop performs an independent action that results in the same game state being reached multiple times. to not shuffle the Colossus, resulting in the colossus being exiled and the library to become empty.ħ22.3. If your opponent then continues to shuffle the Colossus back into their library, the game state would no longer change, and the opponent has to choose a different option, i.e. ![]() Rest in Peace prevents any card from entering a graveyard, therefore Helm of Obedience's stop condition would never occur, eventually resulting in a library that only contains the Blightsteel Colossus. When your opponent's library is empty, Helm of Obedience cannot continue its process, its resolution finishes, and the game continues to their likely loss. When their Blightsteel Colossus is the last card in their library, but possibly earlier than that, they may not shuffle it back again and must exile it instead. Whether these cards slow the pace of a game down to a crawl, constantly remind opponents of mana taxes that must be paid, or if they offer an incredible advantage for an unreasonably low cost, there are plenty of cards in Commander that can tilt players.Even if your opponent keeps reshuffling the Blightsteel Colossus, eventually their whole deck would be exiled. Updated Maby Paul DiSalvo: As a wide range of new cards are constantly added to the Commander format with the release of every new set, it should be no surprise that every so often, a new potent card is printed that can cause a Commander player's blood to boil. ![]() Rather, we are examining which cards may elicit the most salt from a group of players in a single game of Commander. ![]() RELATED: Top Strongest Mono-Blue Commanders In Magic: The Gatheringįor the sake of clarity, we're not claiming whether or not these cards should be played. So in the spirit of all things salty, we're going dive into the pinnacle of the most salt-inducing cards in the Commander format! However, there are certain cards that while not banned, inherently leave a bad taste in the mouth, deterring from the overall enjoyment of all players except whoever is playing a given card. Lauded for the fun and dynamic interactions that are capable of being created between multiple players, Magic: The Gathering's Commander format is by far one of the most popular ways to experience the game with friends. ![]() nutrient thievery, food entering ps instead of host find a dead host teaming with parasite, not sure if they were the cause or not Parasite and Host Metabolism Look at the effect of parasite on host metabolism, parasites eat and obtain nutrients from their host. Cautions, problem in detecting a particular host. schistosome, parasitic barnacle, hook wormĥ. Variation in effects is associated with variation in host exploitation strategies. Variation in effects is associated with variation i many other factors (context dependent)Ĥ. Dicrocelium in sheep and cows, Winter tick in Moose and deerģ. The same species of parasite can have very different effects on different hosts. parasite if Daphnia, have multiple parasites within but few effect it negativelyĢ. Different parasites have contrasting effects on the same host. *wormy hosts have a predisposition to infections Effect on Host Individuals 1. Immunity that is triggered by parasite (antigen?) numbers Density Dependent Mechanisms - Competition for space Factors such as humidity, moisture etc. Applied epidemiology: diagnosis and treatment of hosts at right side of FD Abiotic Factors Temp-dependent transmission, growth, survival in.= mutual stability & regulation of host and parasite.linked to distribution of parasite in host population Increases potential for regulatory processes (density dependent immunity, density dependent worm growth,.Probability of acquiring new parasites may be increased by a previous infection Consequences of Parasite aggregation Parasite-induced mortality in few hosts (20%) Ecology = host behaviour, host size, previous infection Immunity factors, host size, gender, behaviour Genes = Genetic predisposition, genetically-based Infective stages not random (waves of clumped exposures).behaviour, ecology, no resistance mechanisms *look at formula Causes of Parasite Aggregation Requires knowledge of parasite transmission, life cycle, used to determine the effects of virulence in individuals and a population Transmission Threshold Ro=1 A high k value means there are few to no parasites in most hosts but a few hosts have lots of parasites. u: death rate due to not finding a host Index of Aggregation How parasites are distributed in a population. Seal-Intensity about 100, tightly regulated and consistentĭucks- not consistent, no regulation, 0-1000'sĮnvironment decides variation Theoretical Considerations Quantitative science, with rate-limiting steps What factors regulate parasite population size?.What factors determine parasite population sizes?.biomass, reproductive maturity Patterns in parasite population dynamics What determines virulence and transmission? eggs per gram feces (e.p.g.), eggs per day Parasite quantity prevalence, mean abundance, mean intensity (kill and Suprapopulation A population that includes all of the developmental phases of a parasite species at a particular time and place. All of the infrapopulations of a single host species within a ecosystem. Component Population All of the individuals of a specified life history phase at a particular place and time. Infrapopualtion The number of parasites (one species) within one individual. (1) Dungeon w/ Court – There are two ways to play this. This increases popularity by +8 and gives you honor too!ġ6. Immediately bump your food distribution up to double. (6) Hunter’s posts – As soon as you have the basics of your food production in place. (3) Gong workers – Place close to forming gong or spread aroundġ5. Build lots (50 or more as soon as you can) of them as well as armored units.ġ3. ![]() (1) Mercenary post – Horse archers are great and work well in large numbers. Get all the troops you can in front of you castle for immediate defense and make sure you put them on aggressive stance (the lighting strike looking icon)ġ2. Knights, swordsmen, mace men, are excellent defensive units – Build as many of them as you can. Anywhere where you archers are likely to travel while defending your keep. Be sure and place numerous braziers on top of your keep. Be sure and build excess archers and get them on top of your keep fast. (1) Barracks – Build as many troops as you can immediately. Also consider choke points outside your estate where you may be able to hold the enemy at bay while controlling more territory.ġ1. Move your infantry to that point and support them with archers/crossbowmen as quickly as you can. Use this to your advantage and setup an ambush point. ![]() The computer will usually but not always try to find the path of least resistance into your castle. You are always better off defending a single opening into your estate rather than two or more. In some cases it may make sense to immediately build a long moat, wall, or other structure to limit enemy access to your estate. First Steps– Cheat Sheet.Īssess your defensive situation. When playing Kingmaker, getting your wood and food production up is priority one. It doesn’t take long with this model to acquire more gold than you can spend. Frequently I will have estates with 10 or even more carter’s posts moving excess goods back to my castle. Carter’s posts are required to transport goods from estate back to your primary estate. But you will need to have a lord’s kitchen on any estate generating these items. You can also have the estates generate luxury goods for you such as wine, pork, etc. Estates – Eventually as you gain estates you can move your food production to the estates.Produce these and sell the excess at the market. You should also pick a high value item or two such as stone or iron. You must produce much more food than your peasants can eat even with food distribution at +8. You must create massive excess if you hope to generate more gold than you can spend. Excess – It is not enough to generate enough food and goods just for your peasants to consume.You will need lots of honor to build a big army as all armored units have a cost in gold as well as a cost in honor. Honor – Generate honor by building statues, maximizing food distribution to your subjects, feasts, dances, religious services, punishing criminals, and establishing estates.However it is not at the same rate as your primary estate. ![]() Some taxes are collected from those peasants as well. Selling excess goods through the market.Increase the taxation level on your subjects.There are only three ways to acquire gold. Gold – Gold is needed to purchase weapons (my preferred method of weapon acquisition) and luxury items (needed to maintain honor stream with feasts early in the game).You can give them food, games, ale, religious services, traveling fairs, and of course also you need to minimize gong, rats, and criminals. Popularity is achieved by being generous with your people. Popularity – If you hope to coax idle peasants to your castle you must be a relatively popular ruler.These instructions assume that one has read the manual and is aware of the various buildings, structures, and other aspects of basic game play. Feel free to email me at Please do keep in mind that these tips are intended for Kingmaker matches against the computer and not necessarily recommended for online play. ![]() Please bear in mind that these are only my recommendations and would love to know your suggestions if this can be improved upon. Home » Strategy section » Kingmaker Tips for Beginners Kingmaker Tips for Beginners Background See someone at the library Circulation Desk for questions/problems with printing accounting: Each account is allocated a $75 allowance per year. Printing is monitored by a program called PaperCut which is available from the desktop. Printing - The printer(s) at each site are already installed on each computer at that site.Lehigh Google Apps for Education is used at Lehigh, including Lehigh Google Mail, Calendar and Docs with unlimited storage.In addition to the 600+ PC's located in sites through campus, there are Mac's in EWFM library computing site and in the Digital Media Studio, and many high performance computing servers running Unix available through remote login. This space is backed up on a daily basis and also contains a "Public" folder that can be used to share files with other Lehigh users. Under "Computer", you will have access to your Network Drive (H:) which is 5 GB. Choosing refresh will remove any software that was installed in addition to the base image, so use caution when choosing this option. Prompt comes up at the beginning of the boot process, if you do nothing, computer will boot up as normal. When computer powers on, you have the option to completely reload the software on the computer to restore to "out-of the box" condition. (Sites are being upgraded from Windows 7 through summer 2016)Īdditional software can be installed using the "Install Software" link on the desktop. Windows 10 64-bit Enterprise, lots of pre-installed software including: MS Office Suite, Firefox, Internet Explorer, Google Chrome, SSH for remote logins, VLC, Matlab, and Acrobat Reader. Lehigh University online course management system, based on Moodle: ![]() M.Eng in Structural Engineering Research Guide: STARS program (help with setting up *your* computer.and more!): Steve Sakasitz, Sr Instructional Technologist 61. ![]()
![]() The paint kind of blobs together and makes it difficult to see what you’re doing properly. It’s not so great because, especially in the beginning, plastic is not a really good material for mixing on. It’s great because it’s light and durable. The palette is made out of plastic, which has its good and bad points. So, how does this thing actually work out when you’re using it? The Palette Plastic So be careful, because it’s really easy to get them mixed up! Testing it out The packaging for Windsor and Newton’s Cotman line is exactly the same as it is for the artist line. PackagingĪnd finally, a note on the packaging. That if you ever plan on selling your art or displaying it, you should probably pay attention to the lightfastness of your pigment. If you are just painting in a sketchbook, lightfastness probably doesn’t matter very much. That means if you hung a painting you made with paints that are not lightfast, it would probably fade over time and lose its vibrancy. Most student grade paints have lower lightfastness then artist grade paint. Lightfastness is how likely the paint or pigment is to fade when exposed to sunlight. ![]() Only 18 out of the 40 Cotman colors are considered to have the highest lightfastness rating as assigned by ASTM international. I personally don’t paint with toxic pigments, so I have to be careful when selecting my artist grade paints. Pigments like cadmium are more expensive and are not often used in student grade paints. One positive aspect of this is that student grade paints, and these Cotman paints, are often less toxic than artist grade paints. For example, most earth colors (burnt umber, yellow ocher, you know, the brown ones) are really cheap because they are literally made out of dirt. This doesn’t necessarily mean that they are worse pigments, just cheaper. ![]() Series 1 paints are the cheapest, and Series 5 paints are the most expensive. Manufacturers often label their pigment Series 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5. Cheaper PaintsĪll but one of the paints in the Cotman line are considered Series 1 paints. In the Cotman Compact Set, eight of the 14 pigments are single pigment paints. Out of the 40 colors, 19 of them are single pigment paints. Of course, if you don’t mix colors too much, then this shouldn’t be a problem. That’s a surefire way to get into trouble while mixing your colors. If you are using paints with multiple pigments, you could be mixing together three, four, or even eight pigments without even knowing it! Using single pigment paints means that when you are mixing a red and yellow paint, you know that you are only mixing two paints. When too many pigments mixed together, the colors tend to be dull and brown. This is not necessarily a bad thing, but it’s much easier to mix bright, clear colors when you are using single pigment paints. The majority of the paints in the Cotman line are not single pigment paints. I’ll be looking at each of those aspects below. Winsor and Newton also provides a detailed list of all the paints with their properties here. There are 40 colors in all, which you can see in a color chart here. However, some artists recommend only using artist grade paints, and simply buying fewer of them in order to spend less money. That’s almost $77 more expensive than the Cotman line set!īecause they are cheaper, student quality watercolors might be easier for watercolorists On a budget to start with. The exact same compact set using Winsor and Newton’s artist grade watercolors costs $99.46. I have paid over $10 for a single tube of paint! That’s half the price of this entire 14 pan set! But They Are Cheaper, Yay!Īrtist quality watercolors are pretty pricey. If you have pan or cake watercolor sets, like the Cotman Compact Set, student grade paints may be harder to re-wet and take more scrubbing to get pigment. This can also make student grade pigments more chalky and dull. In addition to using more binder, student grade paints can also use lower quality binders, which make the painting process a bit more frustrating. That means that the colors are often less intense or saturated than the exact same pigment in an artist great paint. ![]() Student grade paints generally have less pigment and more binder and artist grade paints. But what does that mean exactly? Less Pigment, More Binder Let’s Talk about Student Grade Versus Artist Grade WatercolorĬotman is Winsor and Newton’s student grade line of paints. $23.10 on Amazon and $22.86 on Dick Blick. The Cotman Compact Set comes with 14 halfpans: At that moment, however, she was drugged and kidnapped by a Piltover enforcer. ![]() Vi turns away from her sister disappointed and goes to the side, but when she saw that Silco and his gang were approaching Jinx, she immediately wanted to help her. However, members of their group were killed in the explosion. Actually, Powder wanted to help her group and her foster father in a risky situation and detonated a kind of grenade full of magic, the so-called Arcane. However, a tragic incident occurs in the series. Jinx is rather shy and scared in the series. ![]() Only Vi sticks to her, no matter what mishaps or problems happen to powder. But there it is often perceived as a “block on the leg”. She also works with a group of young people. Since then she has lived with Vi at Vander's. Her parents lost their lives in the first rebellion of the Zaun region against the wealthy residents of Piltover. She is one of the main characters in the series and has a very tragic fate. Up until now she has been called “Powder” there and is Vi’s younger sister. ![]() You can experience what was one of the reasons for this in the Arcane series. In the meantime, however, the child has become a “crazy vandal”. Who is it Jinx? The official League of Legenss lore states that Jinx used to be an innocent girl and a tinkerer with big ideas. The following characters are from the League of Legends game itself. Spoiler warning : The article contains a lot of information from the first 3 episodes as well as concrete descriptions of the situation and the end of the 3rd episode and could also spoil content from future episodes, as we also go into the League of Legends lore. We'll introduce you to the champions and characters in more detail and will expand the article accordingly when there are new episodes. The focus is on Vander, Vi and Jinx's foster father, and Silco, his crazy brother. Which champions appear in Arcane? In the first 3 episodes of the series you can already find 9 characters from League of Legends:īut apart from these champions, there are also some interesting characters and, above all, theories surrounding them. We introduce you to the various characters and champions from League of Legends in more detail. She wears of course her famous gauntlets which are her main weapon and seems determined.The new series Arcane is already a hit on Netflix after the first 3 episodes and will get 6 more episodes in the coming weeks. Indeed the overall look with her pink hair, her aviator glasses aimed on her head, her leather and metal outfit or her shaved head on the sides clearly give her this steampunk look.įunko represented Vi holding her fists tight. Vi's POP figurine perfectly represents the character of LOL: a young woman with a very punk look. Now putting her fists at the service of the Piltover police, her main opponent remains Jinx, the cruel and criminal madness sowing the demolition. Since then, the gauntlets have made Vi a formidable fighter. It is during a mine robbery that she runs into a mining robot and retrieves the machine's fists to equip herself with high-powered gauntlets. Living off crime to survive, Vi made a reputation for herself and organized a small gang of criminals. Orphaned, the young woman grew up in the midst of crime, learning to fight for survival from an early age. ![]() Unlike her hair, Vi's childhood was not all rosy. Vi's disrespectful attitude towards law and order often tends to drive Caitlyn away. Now she teams up with Sheriff Caitlyn and the two young women have very different methods. Vi is the League of Legends character who solves everything with her fists! She is part of the Piltover police force but her career started in the opposite camp as she is a former criminal. |